Contents 
                                                                    page
Introduction.                                                    3
I. Old Nordic runic inscriptions.                        8
II. Runic inscriptions in the 9th and 10th cent.  26
III. Runic inscriptions in the 11th cent.             39
IV. Runic inscriptions 1100-1500 AD.            86
V. The time after 1500 AD.                           103
VI. The contents of the runic inscriptions.       109
VII. The history of runic research.                  134
Index                                                             147

Many ancient cultures have only left various objects or building rests, that testimony about theirs culture conditions, from other cultivations are remainders, with which they intended to tell future generation about theirs life. These written monuments were at the beginning imperfect and ambiguous. On the cliff walls in a numbers of French and Spanish caves have been found an amount of inscripted or painted characters, mostly animal pictures but also other unclear characters, like peoples hands.
Among these animal pictures, which is very life liked performed, you can recognize a lot of animals, since long ago extinct in these countries, as verges, rhinoceros and mammoths. The conclusion seems too be, that these drawings has been carried out during these countries older Stone Age, and of the pictures lifelikeness, that the painters permanent had these hunted animal in their mind.
What they once aimed with their drawings, are not possible to understand. It is possible, that the pictures been fitted as a magic with aim to come in possession of these hunted animals, but it is hardly to find some certainty if this explanation is correct. Another explanation is, that they want to tell about